Method of and apparatus for preparing binding material for cores



Oct. 23, 1928. w. B. RUNYAN METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING BINDING MATERIAL FOR COREiS Filed Jan.- 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 23, 1928. I 1,688,661 w. B. RUNYAN METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING BINDING MATERIAL FOR CORES Filed Jan. 9, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 23, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,688,651 PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM B. RUNYAN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DAYTON MALLEABLE IRON COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING BINDING MATERIAL FOR CORES.

Application filed January 9, 1924. Serial No. 685,186.

This invention relates to the making of cores, and more particularly to the preparation of a suitable binding material for use in the making of cores.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a method of preparing a suitable binding material for use in the making of cores, which is adapted to greatly lower the cost of preparing the cores as compared with the ordinary method now in general use, and to produce better cores.

Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus for carrying this method into effect which is simple in construction and effective in operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description set out below when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

In the drawing, in which like characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views thereof,

Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic view, with parts thereof shown in vertical section to more clearly illustrate features of the inven tion, of a form of apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional View substantially along the line 22 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a somewhat diagrammatic view, with parts in vertical section, showing a slightly modified form of apparatus.

It has heretofore been the practically universal custom, in the preparing of baked cores in foundry work, to make those cores of a special sand, properly moistened, with which is admixed a certain amount of a binding material which is of such character that when the core is placed in the oven and baked the core will become quite hard, so that it may be handled without breakage, the binding material serving to bind the sand of the core into a solid hard mass. But although this has been the general practice in foundry work, where baked cores are used, nevertheless it is objectionable. This oil has to be of special character, and is quite expensive, so that the expense of making baked cores constitutes a very substantial part of the total expense in connection with the making of castings.

I have discovered that as good or better cores can be made using smaller quantities of core oil than has been heretofore the general practice, provided it is so distributed throughout the mass of sand which goes to constitute the core that the several grains are coated with a film which will serve as a binder when the core is baked. To accomplish this I pulveriae, or finely divide, predetermined quantities of core oil and water and intimately mix them so that the core oil will flow with the water throughout the mass of sand and form a film of oil on each grain; or at least form a film between the several grains which will cause those grains to bind together when the core is baked.

or securing the desired pulverizing and intimate mixing of the core oil and water I prefer to use the apparatus shown in the drawing. In the form of invention shown in 1 and 2 I provide a tank 10. having anunlet pipe 11, within which is positioned a quick opening valve 12, a funnel 13 being associated with the casing of the quick opening valve so that oil and water in desired quantities may be introduced ther through, into the tank. Positioned within the tank, at the bottom thereof, is a coiled nozzle preferably consistlng of a pipe 15, having perforations 16 therein. This coiled pipe is connected, in any suitable manner, to the pipe 17, which is in turn connected to a source of supply of air under pressure. In ordinary practice this plpe 17 is connected to the compressed air supply of the foundry. A valve 18 is preferably positioned in this pipe so that the flow of air through the perforations 16 may be controlled as desired. Connected to the interior of the container 10, through the bottom thereof, is a delivery pipe 20, having a suitable control valve 21 therein. This pipe extends to, and terminates above, the bin 22, which is adapted to contain the sand 23 which is to be used in the making of cores. This bin 22 can be of any desired character, such as a shaking mixing bin, or the like. So long as it is adapted to contain sand, and to permit of adding the necessary core oil and water to that sand its construction may be varied as desired. I

In the operation of the device core oil and water in suitable proportions are introduced through the funnel 13, valve 12, and inlet passage 11, into the container 10. The valve 18 is then manipulated to permit flow of compressed air through the openings 16. This air bubbles up through the core oil and wa ter pulverizing or finely dividing both the core oil and the water, and causing an intiso I then opened the pressure of mate admixture thereof. The air after it bubbles through the core oil and water collects above the surface thereof in the upper part of the container, and if the valve 21 is the air in the upper part of the container, above the layer of water and oil which is designated generally by the numeral 25, will force the oil and water out through the pipe 20. and onto the sand 23. The delivery end 26, of the pipe 20 may be in the form of a spray nozzle, if desired, although in general practice this is not needed, as the core oil and water will be sufficiently sprayed and distributed from the outlet end of the pipe 26 even if that section 26 consists merely of a section of pipe of the same size as the remainder of the pipe 20. Of course the valve 12 is closed during the time the admixed core oil and water is forced from the container. In actual practice it is not necessary that the valve 21 be maintained closed until pressure is builtup in the upper part of the tank 10 above the core oil and water; but, on the contrary, it is usually preferable to open. the valve 21 at the same time that the valve 18 is opened, and as a result the core oil and water will be pulverized and intimately mixed, and forced from the container, at almost the same time, the whole operation taking only a short time.

In Fig. 3 is shown a slightly modified form of apparatus which is adapted for securing a more intimate admixture of the oil and water. In this form of apparatus the core oil and water are introduced into the container 10 in just the same way as in the form of apparatus described above, the containeritself, the valved inlet and the air nozzle being identical in construction with the corresponding parts described above. Butin this form of apparatus the pipe 17, through which the compressed air is introduced is divided into two branches one of which. 30, is connected to the perforated pipe 15, a suitable control valve 31 being located in the branch 30. The other branch 32 of the pipe 17 is connected to the nozzle 33 which is positioned within the casing 34 of an ejector. A suitable control valve 35 is positioned within the branch 32. The outlet opening of the container, through which the admixed oil and water escape is connected to a pipe 37, having a control valve 38 therein, the other end of which pipe also opens into the casing 3d of the ejector. Leading off from the casing 34 is a delivery pipe 39, the delivery end of which is provided with a spray nozzle 4:0, which is positioned over the in 22 which contains the sand from which the cores are to be made.

The operation of this form of apparatus is fundamentally the same as that described. But in this form of apparatus the passage of the streams of air through the mixture of core oil and water, within the container, to

pulverize and effect an intimate mixture thereof, is supplemented by the action of the ejector which serves the double purpose of further pulverizing and admixing the oil and water, and of maintaining the oil and water in properly admixed condition.

In this form of apparatus it is more desirable that a spray nozzle be used at the delivery end of the'delivery pipe; for the ejector tends to cause the admixed oil and water to issue from the delivery'pipe in a more continuous stream-end so with less spraying than is the case with the form of apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1.

By thus admixing the core oil and water the amount of core oil used for a given batch of sand may be materially decreased, often as much as fifty to eighty per cent. The relative proportioning of the core oil and water may be varied within wide limits but one part of core oil to two or three parts of water give results which are very satisfactory.

While the method herein described, and the forms of apparatus for carrying this method into effect, constitute preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise method and these forms of apparatus, and that changes may be made in either without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims. 7

What is claimed is:

1. The method of preparing a moulding material such as for baked cores, which coniprises adding definitely proportioned quantities of oil and water, intimately admixing the oil and water, and adding the admixed oil and water to sand to thereby form the moulding material.

2. In the preparation of cores, in which the sand going to make up the core is admixed with a suitable binding material; the method of preparing a binding material for such baked cores, which consists in passing compressed air through definitely proportioned quantities of core oil and water to pulverize the said core oil and water and effect intimate admixing-of these pulverized constituents.

8. In the preparation of baked cores, in which the sand going to make up the core is admixed with a suitable binding material; the method which comprises as steps thereof, the passing of compressed air through definitely proportioned quantities of core oil and water to pulverize the said core oil and water and intimately admix these pulverized constituents, and feeding the said admixed pulverized constituents upon the sand which goes to make up the core.

4. In the preparing of baked cores, in which the sand which goes to make up the core is admixed with a suitable binding material; the method of preparing and introducion ing such binding material to the said sand which consists in introducing definitely proportioned quantities of core oil and water into a container, passing compressed air through the said core oil and water within this container to pulverize and intimately admix these said constituents, and expelling the said admixed core oil and water from the con tainer and spraying it on to the sand which goes to make up the core under the pressure of the same air which effects the pulverizing and admixing of these constituents.

5. Apparatus for preparing an emulsion of core oil and Water to serve as a binding material for baked cores, comprising a container, having a valve controlled inlet opening thereinto and constructed to receive definitely pro portioned quantities of core oil and water; a delivery pipe connected at one end to the interior of the said container adjacent the bottom thereof andhaving its other end positioned to deliver material passing there through upon the sand which goes to make up the core; a pipe for supplying compressed air connected to the interior of the said container adjacent the bottom thereof, and means for passing compressed air introduced through said pipe through the core oil and water in the container to pulverize and intimately admin the said core oil and water and force it from the container through the said delivery pipe on to the core sand.

6. Apparatus for preparing an emulsion of core oil and water to serve as a binding.

material for ba ked cores and for distributing the emulsion upon the core sand, comprising a container, a valve controlled supply pipe opening into said container for introducing core oil and water into said container in predetermined quantities; a. compressed air supply pipe opening into the container adjacent the bottom thereof, a spraying member connected to said air supply pipe and constructed to divide the compressed air into fine streams which will pulverize and intimately admix the core oil and water; a delivery pipe connected to the interior of the container adjacent the bottom thereof through which the pulverized core oil and water is forced under the pressure of the air introduced into the containcr to effect the said pulverizing and admixing; and a bin for receiving the core sand positioned adjacent the delivery end-of the said delivery pipe.

7. Apparatus for preparing an emulsion of core oil and water to serve as a binding material for baked cores comprising a container, a valve controlled supply pipe opening into the said container for introducing core oil and water into said container in predeter mined quantities; a compressed air supply pipe connected to the interior of the said container adjacent the bottom thereof, a spray nozzle connected to said pipe, the construction being such that compressed air intro duced into the container will pass through the core oil and water to pulverize and intimately admin the said core oil and Water; an ejector casing, a pipe connecting the compressed air supply pipe to the nozzle of said ejector, a pipe connecting the interior of the container, adjacent the bottom thereof, to the casing of said ejector, and a delivery pipe connected to the interior of the ejector casing and terminating in a position to introduce the pulverized oil and water passing therethrough on to the core sand.

8. Apparatus for preparing an emulsion of core oil and water to serve as a binding material for baked cores and for distributing the emulsion upon the core sand, comprising a container, a valve controlled supply pipe opening into the said container for introducing core oil and water into said container in predetermined quantities; a compressed air supply pipe connected to the interior of the said container adjacent the bottom thereof, a control valve within said pipe, a spray nozzle connected to said pipe within the said container, the con struction being such that compressed air introduced into the container will pass through the core oil and water to pulverize and intimately admix the said core oil and water; an ejector casing, a nozzle therein, a pipe connecting the compressed air supply pipe to the said ejector nozzle, a control valve in said pipe; a pipe connecting the interior of the container, adjacent the bottom thereof, to the casing of said ejector, a control valve Within said pipe, a delivery pipe connected to the interior of the ejector casing; a bin for receiving the core sand; and a nozzle connected to the said delivery pipe and positioned adjacent said bin to spread the pulverized oil and water on to the said sand.

9. Apparatus of the character described adapted for preparing a moulding material such as for baked cores, comprising in combination, a container for receiving definitely proportioned quantities of oil and Water, means associated with said container forintimately admixing the oil and water, a bin for receiving the sand which goes to make up the moulding material. and means for discharging the admixed oil and water from the said container upon the sand Within said bin.

In testimony whereof I hereto afliX my signature.

WILLIAM B. RUNYAN. 

